10th STD - English - UNIT 1 – GRAMMAR - QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

GRAMMAR B.P.No. 12
 
 Modals
•We have already learnt about Modals in Class IX. Now, let us revise.
• A modal verb is used to indicate modality (that expresses a speaker’s general intention) i.e. likelihood, ability, permission, request, capacity, suggestions, order, obligation, advice etc.
• We use modals to show if we believe something is certain, probable or possible.
• Modals are can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, need, used to & dare to.
• Modals do not change with the person or number of the subject.
 
 
A. Complete these sentences using appropriate modals. The clues in the brackets will help you.
 
1. When I was a child, I _________ climb trees easily but now I can’t. (ability in the past)
 Ans: could
2. I _________ win this singing contest. (determination) Ans: will
3. You _________ buy this book. It is worth buying. (advice or suggestion) Ans: should
4. Poongothai _________ speak several languages. (ability in the present)Ans: can
5. I swear I _________ tell lies again. (promise) Ans: will not
6. My father _________ play badminton in the evenings when he was at college. (past habit)
 Ans: used to
7. You _________ do as I say! (command) Ans: should/must
8. _________ I have another glass of water? (request) Ans: May / can
9. Sibi has not practised hard but he _________ win the race. (possibility) Ans: may/can
10. We _________ preserve our natural resources. (duty) Ans: should/ought to
 
B. Rewrite the following sentences by rectifying the errors in the use of modals.
 
1. Would I have your autograph?
May I have your autograph?
2. I can be fifteen next April.
I will be fifteen next April.
3. Take an umbrella. It should rain later.
Take an Umbrella. It may rain later.
4. The magistrate ordered that he might pay the fine.
The magistrate ordered that he must pay the fine.
5. Make me a cup of tea, shall you?
Make me a cup of tea, will you?
6. You may speak politely to the elders.
You should/ought to speak politely to the elders.
7. You will get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.
You should/ought to get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.
8. We could grow vegetables in our kitchen garden but we don’t do it now.
We used to grow vegetables in our kitchen garden but we don’t do it now.
9. Must I get your jacket? The weather is cold.
May/Can I get your jacket? The weather is cold.
10. Could the train be on time?
Will the train be on time?
 
C. Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks with suitable modals.
 
Dad : Shall we go out for dinner tonight?
Charan : Yes, Dad. We shall go to a restaurant where I can have some ice cream.
Dad : OK. Then, I will be home by 7 p.m. Mom and you should be ready by then.
Charan : Sure. We will. My friend told me that there is a magic show nearby. Will you please take us there?
Dad : We will not have time to go for the magic show, I suppose. If we have enough time left, we will/may plan.
Charan : By the way, should we inform our gate keeper about our outing?
Dad : Yes, we should so that he will be aware we aren’t at home.
Charan : Shall I call up Mom and tell her about our plan today?
Dad : You ought to. Otherwise, we might be in trouble when she returns home.
Charan : Hmm… by the time you come home in the evening, we will be waiting for you. Hope you won’t be late. Bye.
 
D. Read the following dialogues and supply appropriate modals.
 
Student : Can we leave our bags in the class during the break?
Teacher : Yes, you can but arrange them neatly.
Passenger : My child is 6 years old. Do I have to buy him a ticket?
Conductor : Yes, you must. It costs half of the price of an adult ticket.
Vani : Can we go for coffee after the meeting?
Yoga : No, I can’t. I have to go home.
Salesman : When will I receive my order?
Customer : I can assure you sir, the order will be delivered tomorrow.
Neela : Do you think I should write about my education background in the resume?
Preethi : Yes, you should. You can get a better job.
 
Imagine you have been to Thanjavur recently. Based on your experience and the data given below about Thanjavur, suggest and guide your friend who wishes to visit Thanjavur and places nearby, using modals in your sentences.
 
Trains towards
Thanjavur
• Uzhavan Express
• Mannai Express
• Madurai Express
 
Places to visit in Thanjavur
• Brihadeeswarar Temple (Big temple)
• Museum
• Saraswathi Mahal (Library)
• Palace
 
Places around
Thanjavur
• Thiruvaiyaru
• Kumbakonam
• Kallanai Dam
• Poondi (Church)
• Manora Pattukkottai
 
Unique Products of Thanjavur
• Art Plates
• Paintings
• Bronze Statues
• Dancing Dolls
 
E. Here are a few sentences already done for you. The clues given would be helpful to/ make more sentences on your own.
 
1. I would suggest that you take the Uzhavan Express to Thanjavur from Chennai.
2. You will be more comfortable if you could book 3 tier A/C.
3. You could enjoy if you visit the museum.
4. You should visit the Big Temple.
5. You mustn’t miss Saraswathi Mahal.
6. You can buy beautiful Bronze Statues.
7. You should visit Poondi Church
8. You must visit Kallanai Dam.
9. You can see the palace.
10. You could buy art plates and dancing dolls.
 
 Active and Passive
 
In Class IX, we have already learnt about Active and Passive Voices. Now, we shall learn some more forms of the voice.
 
Let us recall
 
When we give importance to what people and things do, we use active verb forms. When we give importance to what happens to people and things, we often use passive verb forms.
 
F. Change the following sentences to the other voice.
 
1. The manager appointed many office assistants.
Many office assistants were appointed by the manager.
2. You are making a cake now.
A cake is being made by you now.
3. That portrait was painted by my grandmother.
My grandmother painted that portrait.
4. Malini had bought a colourful hat for her daughter.
A colourful hat had been bought by Malini for her daughter.
5. They have asked me to pay the fine.
I have been asked by them to pay the fine.
6. The militants were being taken to prison by the police.
The police were taking the militants to prison.
7. His behaviour vexes me.
I am vexed at with his behaviour.
8. Rosy will solve the problem.
The problem will be solved by Rosy.
9. Our army has defeated the enemy.
The enemy has been defeated by our army.
10. The salesman answered all the questions patiently.
All the questions were answered by the salesman patiently.
 
G. Change the following into Passive voice.
 
1. Please call him at once.
You are requested to call him at once.
2. How did you cross the river?
How was the river crossed by you?
3. No one is borrowing the novels from the library.
The novels are not being borrowed by any one from the library.
4. Will you help me?
You are requested to help me. / Will I be helped by you?
5. Go for a jog early in the morning.
You are advised to go for a jog early in the morning.
6. Why have you left your brother at home?
Why has your brother been left at home?
7. Nobody should violate the rules.
The rules should not be violated.
8. Someone has to initiate it immediately.
It has to be initiated immediately.
9. Have you invited Raman to the party?
Has Raman been invited to the party by you?
10. Please do not walk on the grass.
You are requested not to walk on the grass.
11. Cross the busy roads carefully.
You are advised to cross the busy roads carefully.
12. When will you book the tickets to Bengaluru?
When will the tickets be booked to Bengaluru by you?
 
H. In the following sentences the verbs have two objects namely Direct and Indirect objects. Change each of the following sentences into two passives using direct object as the subject in one and indirect in the other.
 
1. John gave a bar of chocolate to Jill.
a. Jill was given a bar of chocolate by John.
b. A bar of chocolate was given to Jill by John.
2. Pragathi lent a pencil to Keerthana.
a. Keerthana was lent a pencil by Pragathi.
b. A pencil was lent to Keerthana by Pragathi.
3. Sudha told the truth to her friend.
a. Sudha’s friend was told the truth by her.
b. The truth was told to Sudha’s friend by her.
4. They offered the job to Venkat.
a. Venkat was offered the job by them.
b. The job was offered to Venkat by them.
5. The boss showed the new computer to Kaviya.
a. Kaviya was shown the new computer by the boss.
b. The new computer was shown to Kaviya by the boss.
 
I. Rewrite the following passage in Passive Voice. B.P.No. 16
 
 A few days ago, someone stole Ambrose’s motorbike. Ambrose had left it outside his house. He reported the theft to the police. The police told him that they would try to find his motorbike. This morning, they found his motorbike. The police called Ambrose to the police station. The thieves had painted it and then sold it to someone else. The new owner had parked the otorbike outside a mall when the police found it. After an enquiry, the police arrested the thieves.
 
Answer:
 
 A few days ago, Ambrose’s motorbike was stolen. It had been left by Ambrose outside his house. The theft was reported to the police by him. He was told by the police that they would try to
find his motorbike. This morning, his motorbike was found by them. Ambrose was called to the police station. It had been painted and then sold by the thieves to someone else. The motorbike had been parked by the new owner outside a mall when it was found by the police. After an enquiry, the thieves were arrested.
 
J. Write a recipe of your favourite dish in passive voice. Remember to list out the ingredients of the dish you have chosen and their quantity. Use Simple Present tense to write your recipe.
 
SemiyaPayasam
Ingredients required for the recipes
i. Milk ½ liter
ii. Semiya 1 cup
iii. Ghee 2 table spoon
iv. Dry grapes 10 gms
v. Cashews 10gms
vi. Sugar 1 cup
vii. Badam powder ½ cup
A pan is heated and ghee is poured into it. Dry grapes and cashews are added to it. It is fried till it changes its colour to golden brown and it is kept aside. Now to the same pan the ghee is added again. To the ghee semiya is added in the pan and it is heated till it changes its colour.Now another pan is taken and milk is added to it. The milk is boiled. After the boiling of milk, the
semiya is added. The mixture is boiled. Then to that fried dry grapes and cashews, sugar and badam powder are added. Now Semiya Payasam can be served.
 
K. Write a report of an event held at your school using Passive voice. Use Simple Past Tense to narrate the event.
 
A Report
Annual Day Celebration
 – By Varun, Std X.
The tenth annual day of MG Matric Higher Secondary School, Madurai was celebrated on 3rd February 2020 at the school gorund. Dr. A. Sudhakar, M.D., was the chief guest of the day. The programme started with a prayer song which was sung by the school choir. It was followed by the welcome address which was delivered by the Assistant Headmaster. The chief guest was felicitated with a shawl and a memento. After that the annual day report was read by the Headmaster. To make the audience entertained a lot of cultural programmes were put up by the students. Prize winners of various events which were conducted throughout the year were given away prizes. Just before vote of thanks, a wonderful skit titled “Save Water, Save Life” was put up by Class X students. And the vote of thanks was proposed by Master Ravikumar, School Pupil Leader. It was the most memorable day for the students and the parents.

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